Fiberglass: Made of fine glass fibers, it's one of the most common and cost-effective materials. It comes in batts, rolls, or loose-fill and is used in walls, attics, and floors.
Mineral Wool: Similar to fiberglass but made from rock or slag, it offers excellent fire resistance and is used for walls and roofs.
Foam Board: Rigid panels made from materials like polystyrene. They offer a high R-value per inch and are used for exterior sheathing and roof insulation.
Spray Foam: A liquid foam, typically polyurethane, that expands and hardens to create a continuous, airtight barrier in cavities, making it very effective at preventing air leaks.