Taps: Used with a tap wrench to create threads inside a hole. A full hand tap set for a single size usually comes in three parts: a taper tap (for starting), a second/plug tap (for general use), and a bottoming tap (for cutting threads to the very bottom of a blind hole).
Dies: Used with a die stock (handle) to cut external threads on a rod or bolt.
Material: These tools are generally made from high-carbon steel or high-speed steel (HSS), with HSS being more robust and durable.